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+# 验证规则
+
+本文档详细说明四层验证机制的具体规则和匹配算法。
+
+## Layer 1: Format Validation (格式验证)
+
+### BibTeX 格式检查
+
+**必填字段验证:**
+
+不同类型的 BibTeX 条目有不同的必填字段要求:
+
+**@article (期刊论文):**
+- 必填: `author`, `title`, `journal`, `year`
+- 可选: `volume`, `number`, `pages`, `doi`
+
+**@inproceedings (会议论文):**
+- 必填: `author`, `title`, `booktitle`, `year`
+- 可选: `pages`, `organization`, `doi`
+
+**@book (书籍):**
+- 必填: `author` 或 `editor`, `title`, `publisher`, `year`
+- 可选: `volume`, `series`, `address`
+
+**@misc (其他):**
+- 必填: `title`
+- 可选: `author`, `howpublished`, `year`, `note`
+
+### 格式检查规则
+
+**1. 条目结构检查**
+```python
+def check_bibtex_structure(entry):
+    """检查 BibTeX 条目结构"""
+    errors = []
+
+    # 检查是否有类型
+    if not entry.get('ENTRYTYPE'):
+        errors.append("Missing entry type")
+
+    # 检查是否有 ID
+    if not entry.get('ID'):
+        errors.append("Missing citation key")
+
+    # 检查必填字段
+    required = get_required_fields(entry.get('ENTRYTYPE'))
+    for field in required:
+        if not entry.get(field):
+            errors.append(f"Missing required field: {field}")
+
+    return errors
+```
+
+**2. 字段格式检查**
+```python
+def check_field_format(entry):
+    """检查字段格式"""
+    errors = []
+
+    # 年份格式检查
+    if 'year' in entry:
+        year = entry['year']
+        if not year.isdigit() or len(year) != 4:
+            errors.append(f"Invalid year format: {year}")
+        if int(year) < 1900 or int(year) > 2030:
+            errors.append(f"Year out of reasonable range: {year}")
+
+    # DOI 格式检查
+    if 'doi' in entry:
+        doi = entry['doi']
+        if not doi.startswith('10.'):
+            errors.append(f"Invalid DOI format: {doi}")
+
+    return errors
+```
+
+### LaTeX 引用检查
+
+**1. 引用命令检查**
+```python
+def check_latex_citations(tex_content):
+    """检查 LaTeX 引用命令"""
+    import re
+
+    # 查找所有引用命令
+    cite_pattern = r'\\cite(?:\[[^\]]*\])?\{([^}]+)\}'
+    citations = re.findall(cite_pattern, tex_content)
+
+    # 展开多个引用
+    all_keys = []
+    for cite in citations:
+        keys = [k.strip() for k in cite.split(',')]
+        all_keys.extend(keys)
+
+    return all_keys
+```
+
+**2. 引用一致性检查**
+```python
+def check_citation_consistency(tex_keys, bib_keys):
+    """检查引用一致性"""
+    tex_set = set(tex_keys)
+    bib_set = set(bib_keys)
+
+    # 未定义的引用
+    undefined = tex_set - bib_set
+
+    # 未使用的引用
+    unused = bib_set - tex_set
+
+    return {
+        'undefined': list(undefined),
+        'unused': list(unused)
+    }
+```
+
+## Layer 2: Existence Verification (存在性验证)
+
+### API 验证流程
+
+**验证步骤:**
+1. 根据引用信息选择 API (DOI → CrossRef, arXiv ID → arXiv, 其他 → Semantic Scholar)
+2. 调用 API 获取论文信息
+3. 判断论文是否存在
+
+**验证结果:**
+- `exists` - 论文存在
+- `not_found` - 论文不存在
+- `api_error` - API 调用失败,需要人工验证
+
+### 验证代码示例
+
+```python
+def verify_existence(citation_info):
+    """验证论文存在性"""
+    # DOI 优先
+    if citation_info.get('doi'):
+        result = verify_with_crossref(citation_info['doi'])
+        if result['status'] == 'success':
+            return {'exists': True, 'source': 'crossref', 'data': result['data']}
+
+    # arXiv ID
+    if citation_info.get('arxiv_id'):
+        result = verify_with_arxiv(citation_info['arxiv_id'])
+        if result['status'] == 'success':
+            return {'exists': True, 'source': 'arxiv', 'data': result['data']}
+
+    # 通用搜索
+    if citation_info.get('title'):
+        result = verify_with_semantic_scholar(citation_info['title'])
+        if result['status'] == 'success' and result['data']:
+            return {'exists': True, 'source': 'semantic_scholar', 'data': result['data']}
+
+    return {'exists': False, 'source': None}
+```
+
+## Layer 3: Information Matching (信息匹配)
+
+### 匹配算法
+
+**1. 标题匹配**
+
+使用模糊匹配算法,允许轻微差异:
+
+```python
+from difflib import SequenceMatcher
+
+def match_title(title1, title2, threshold=0.85):
+    """标题匹配"""
+    # 标准化:小写、去除标点
+    def normalize(text):
+        import re
+        text = text.lower()
+        text = re.sub(r'[^\w\s]', '', text)
+        return ' '.join(text.split())
+
+    t1 = normalize(title1)
+    t2 = normalize(title2)
+
+    # 计算相似度
+    ratio = SequenceMatcher(None, t1, t2).ratio()
+
+    return {
+        'match': ratio >= threshold,
+        'similarity': ratio
+    }
+```
+
+**2. 作者匹配**
+
+考虑作者顺序和名字格式差异:
+
+```python
+def match_authors(authors1, authors2, threshold=0.7):
+    """作者匹配"""
+    def normalize_name(name):
+        # 处理 "Last, First" 和 "First Last" 格式
+        parts = name.replace(',', '').split()
+        return ' '.join(sorted(parts)).lower()
+
+    names1 = [normalize_name(a) for a in authors1]
+    names2 = [normalize_name(a) for a in authors2]
+
+    # 计算交集比例
+    set1 = set(names1)
+    set2 = set(names2)
+    intersection = len(set1 & set2)
+    union = len(set1 | set2)
+
+    if union == 0:
+        return {'match': False, 'similarity': 0}
+
+    ratio = intersection / union
+
+    return {
+        'match': ratio >= threshold,
+        'similarity': ratio
+    }
+```
+
+**3. 年份匹配**
+
+允许 ±1 年的差异(考虑预印本和正式发表的时间差):
+
+```python
+def match_year(year1, year2, tolerance=1):
+    """年份匹配"""
+    try:
+        y1 = int(year1)
+        y2 = int(year2)
+        diff = abs(y1 - y2)
+        return {
+            'match': diff <= tolerance,
+            'difference': diff
+        }
+    except (ValueError, TypeError):
+        return {'match': False, 'difference': None}
+```
+
+## Layer 4: Content Validation (内容验证)
+
+### 综合匹配评分
+
+综合所有匹配结果,计算总体匹配分数:
+
+```python
+def calculate_match_score(citation, api_data):
+    """计算综合匹配分数"""
+    scores = {}
+    weights = {
+        'title': 0.4,
+        'authors': 0.3,
+        'year': 0.2,
+        'venue': 0.1
+    }
+
+    # 标题匹配
+    if citation.get('title') and api_data.get('title'):
+        result = match_title(citation['title'], api_data['title'])
+        scores['title'] = result['similarity']
+
+    # 作者匹配
+    if citation.get('authors') and api_data.get('authors'):
+        result = match_authors(citation['authors'], api_data['authors'])
+        scores['authors'] = result['similarity']
+
+    # 年份匹配
+    if citation.get('year') and api_data.get('year'):
+        result = match_year(citation['year'], api_data['year'])
+        scores['year'] = 1.0 if result['match'] else 0.0
+
+    # 计算加权总分
+    total_score = 0
+    total_weight = 0
+    for key, weight in weights.items():
+        if key in scores:
+            total_score += scores[key] * weight
+            total_weight += weight
+
+    if total_weight == 0:
+        return 0
+
+    return total_score / total_weight
+```
+
+### 验证结果判定
+
+根据匹配分数判定验证结果:
+
+```python
+def judge_verification_result(match_score):
+    """判定验证结果"""
+    if match_score >= 0.9:
+        return {
+            'status': 'verified',
+            'level': 'high_confidence',
+            'message': '✅ 验证通过 - 信息完全匹配'
+        }
+    elif match_score >= 0.7:
+        return {
+            'status': 'partial_match',
+            'level': 'medium_confidence',
+            'message': '⚠️ 部分匹配 - 信息有轻微差异,建议人工确认'
+        }
+    elif match_score >= 0.5:
+        return {
+            'status': 'low_match',
+            'level': 'low_confidence',
+            'message': '❌ 匹配度低 - 信息差异较大,需要人工验证'
+        }
+    else:
+        return {
+            'status': 'failed',
+            'level': 'no_confidence',
+            'message': '❌ 验证失败 - 信息严重不匹配或论文不存在'
+        }
+```
+
+## 完整验证流程
+
+### 主验证函数
+
+```python
+def verify_citation_complete(citation):
+    """完整的引用验证流程"""
+    result = {
+        'citation_key': citation.get('ID'),
+        'layers': {}
+    }
+
+    # Layer 1: 格式验证
+    format_errors = check_bibtex_structure(citation)
+    format_errors.extend(check_field_format(citation))
+    result['layers']['format'] = {
+        'passed': len(format_errors) == 0,
+        'errors': format_errors
+    }
+
+    # Layer 2: 存在性验证
+    existence = verify_existence(citation)
+    result['layers']['existence'] = existence
+
+    if not existence['exists']:
+        result['final_status'] = 'not_found'
+        return result
+
+    # Layer 3 & 4: 信息匹配和内容验证
+    api_data = existence['data']
+    match_score = calculate_match_score(citation, api_data)
+    judgment = judge_verification_result(match_score)
+
+    result['layers']['matching'] = {
+        'score': match_score,
+        'judgment': judgment
+    }
+
+    result['final_status'] = judgment['status']
+    result['confidence'] = judgment['level']
+
+    return result
+```
+
+## 验证阈值配置
+
+### 可调整的阈值参数
+
+```python
+VERIFICATION_THRESHOLDS = {
+    # 匹配阈值
+    'title_similarity': 0.85,      # 标题相似度阈值
+    'author_similarity': 0.70,     # 作者相似度阈值
+    'year_tolerance': 1,           # 年份容差
+
+    # 判定阈值
+    'high_confidence': 0.90,       # 高置信度阈值
+    'medium_confidence': 0.70,     # 中等置信度阈值
+    'low_confidence': 0.50,        # 低置信度阈值
+
+    # 权重配置
+    'weights': {
+        'title': 0.4,
+        'authors': 0.3,
+        'year': 0.2,
+        'venue': 0.1
+    }
+}
+```
+
+### 阈值调整建议
+
+**严格模式** (用于正式发表):
+- title_similarity: 0.90
+- author_similarity: 0.80
+- high_confidence: 0.95
+
+**宽松模式** (用于初稿):
+- title_similarity: 0.80
+- author_similarity: 0.60
+- high_confidence: 0.85
+